UNITED

NATIONS

CERD

International Convention on

the Elimination

of all Forms of

Racial Discrimination

Distr.

GENERAL

CERD/SP/63

23 October 2001

ENGLISH

Original:  ENGLISH/FRENCH

Date and place of birth:

23 June 1931, Cairo

Working languages:

Arabic, English, French

Current position/function:

Former ambassador

Member of the Council on Foreign Relations

Adviser, External Relations Committee of the National Council on the Status of Women

Main professional activities:

Member of the Egyptian diplomatic missions in France, Italy, Albania and Spain and of the Permanent Missions to the United Nations in New York and Geneva from 1964 to 1985, where he was involved in human rights work

Former Chairman of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

Former assistant to the Minister for Foreign Affairs

Educational background:

Licence en droit, 1952, Cairo

Institute of Graduate International Studies, Faculty of Law, Paris, 1954

Other main activities in the field

relevant to the mandate of the

treaty body concerned:

Took part in the drafting of several human rights instruments at the United Nations and the Arab League

Took part in the work of the Commission on Human Rights, the Sub-Commission and several specialized agencies

Date of birth:

5 December 1940

Spoken and written languages:

Fluent Arabic, English, French and Spanish

Grade:

Minister plenipotentiary

Educational background:

Preparatory course:  general literature certificate (University of Algiers)

Hispano-American civilization certificate (University of Algiers, 1970)

Licence in rural and urban sociology (University of Algiers, 1980)

Advanced studies diploma (DEA) in political science, international relations, Paris I, Sorbonne

Advanced studies diploma (DEA) in political science, defence policy, Paris I, Sorbonne

Doctorate in political science, prepared under the guidance of Mrs. Hélène Carrère d'Encausse, Kremlinologist and member of the Académie française

Posts held:

1963-1974 - Officer in charge of press and information, Algerian Embassy, Washington D.C.

1964-1966 - Attaché, Algerian Embassy, Pakistan

1966-1970 - Southern Asia officer, Asia-Americas Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1971-1975 - Cultural affairs officer, Algerian Embassy, Switzerland

1976-1980 - International economic and financial institutions officer

1980-1981 - Algerian affairs officer, EEC

1983-1986 - Officer in charge of the Strategic and Disarmament Affairs Office

1986-1990 - Consul General of Algeria, Strasbourg

1992-1993 - Adviser to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, studies and summaries officer

1994-1998 - Minister Counsellor, Algerian Embassy, Rabat

University posts:

1984-1986 - Professor of political science,

University of Algiers

Professor of diplomatic law and diplomatic drafting, National School of Administration (ENA), Algiers

Publications:

La dernière des relations internationales:  les

conflits dans le monde, (The last international relations:  world conflicts), published by the National School of Administration (ENA), Algiers, 2000

Les Accords de Schengen (The Schengen Agreements) (awaiting publication)

Les Accords de Barcelone (The Barcelona Agreements) (awaiting publication)

L'Algérie de la période numide à ce jour (Algeria from the Numidian period to the present) (awaiting publication)

Educational background:

Diploma of advanced studies, 1956.  One year training course (1956-1957), Training and Studies Institute, French Ministry of Justice

Main professional activities:

In 1958, he became a member of the judiciary, where he held positions of responsibility, particularly in the courts of first instance and the courts of appeal

In September 1971, he joined the central administration of the Ministry of Justice and was appointed Director of Criminal Cases and Pardons, a post he occupied until October 1979 

As a senior judge, he was President of a division of the Supreme Court

He taught civil procedure, criminal procedure and introduction to law at the Fès Faculty of Sharia Law for 5 years; he was a professor at the Management Training School of the Ministry of Interior (criminal law) for 2 years and at the National Judicial Studies Institute, where he taught civil and criminal procedure, for 10 years

He has taken part in over 100 Arab and international conferences, symposia and meetings and in the work of specialized technical committees and has chaired several of them.  In December 1977, he was elected Rapporteur of the first Conference of Arab Ministers of Justice.  He also led the Moroccan delegation to the negotiations on the signing of several conventions on judicial cooperation with third countries

For several years, he held the post of Secretary‑General of the Moroccan Judges' League and represented the League in the Central Council of the International Union of Judges and its technical committee for about 10 years

Since 1970, he has been a member of the Royal General Commission on the Codification and Revision of the Law and related sub‑committees

On 26 October 1979, he was unanimously elected Secretary‑General of the Arab Social Defence Organization for a six-year term.  He also became the director and editor-in‑chief of the Revue Arabe de défense sociale

At the third Conference of Arab Ministers of the Interior, held in Riyadh from 26 to 28 August 1980, he was appointed for two years to the post of Secretary‑General of the Council of Arab Ministers of the Interior, an Arab League body.  Starting in July 1980, he held the post of permanent member of the Board of Directors of the Arab Centre for Security Studies in Riyadh for five years and took part as an Arab criminal justice expert in some specialized United Nations activities

He became the head of the Technical Secretariat of the second Conference of Arab Ministers of Justice and the preparatory meeting of the Ministerial Commission of the Seven, which was established by the first conference

At the request of the United Nations Secretariat, he took part in the work of the Committee on Crime Prevention and Control as of 1981 and in the preparations for the United Nations Congresses on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders

Other main activities in the field relevant to the mandate of the treaty body concerned:

He was appointed as a member of the Arab League High Commission on the Global Social Development Strategy and took part for six years in the work of the Arab Coordination Commission (as from November 1979).  He also took part as a member in the work of the Coordination Commission's technical committee, which was set up to consider the amendment of the Charter of the Arab League

He participated in several Arab summit conferences, in various meetings of the Council of the League and in most of the sessions of the Arab Economic and Social Council held since 1980.  He also took part in the work of some sessions of the Council of Arab Ministers of the Interior and the Council of Arab Ministers of Social Affairs

In September 1981, he was appointed as Deputy Secretary‑General of the International Society of Social Defence for a four-year term.  In September 1985, he was reappointed for a new term of office.  In May 1982, he was appointed as a member of the Board of Directors of the Revue internationale de défense sociale

On 2 April 1983, he was unanimously appointed as Secretary‑General of the Council of Arab Ministers of Justice for a three-year term

For about three years, he held the post of director and editor-in-chief of the Revue Arabe du Fiqh et de la justice

He was also a standing member of the Board of Directors of the Arab Legal and Judicial Research Centre, in accordance with the Centre's statutes

He is the author of several studies and research papers on criminal law and private law.  He has prepared working papers for a number of Arab and international meetings

On 9 June 1992, he was appointed by His Majesty King Hassan II as a member of the National Election Commission and reappointed on 5 May 1997

On 7 October 1997, he received the Charequa Prize for his valuable contribution to the enrichment of Arab thought

He was decorated with the Wissam Errida (highest category), the Wissam Al Arch (chevalier) and the Wissam Al Arch (officer)

Date of birth: 

2 February 1970

Foreign languages: 

English

Present post: 

Head of International Cooperation Division at the Ministry of Justice

Professional career: 

Since May 1998 - Head of International Cooperation Division at the Ministry of Justice

January 1996 - May 1998 - Public Prosecutor, expert at the International Cooperation and European Law Department at the Ministry of Justice

1993-1995 - Public Prosecutor's training in Gdansk and Warsaw

Other professional activities: 

Giving lectures for NGO representatives and judges and prosecutors on governmental reporting obligations under United Nations conventions

Professional background: 

Department of Law at the University of Gdansk (1988-1993)

Specialization - International Law, Human Rights

Post-graduate studies in Human Resources (1999‑2000)

Scholarships: 

Human Rights Law and Practice Programme (3‑month scholarship organized by the University of Birmingham)

Date and place of birth:

26 October 1940 at Paleville (France)

Working languages:

French (mother tongue), English, Spanish

Current position/function:*

Senior Advocate-General, Court of Cassation,

December 2000

Elected member of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, since 1990

Member and former Chairman of the European Steering Committee for Human Rights (Council of Europe)

Member of the French National Advisory Commission on Human Rights, since 1990 (Vice‑Chairman of the Subcommittee on International Affairs)

Member of the French International Law Society (Vice‑Chairman of the Human Rights Section, since 1997

President of the Central Authority for Inter‑Country Adoption (1990-2001)

Main professional activities:*

Advocate-General, then Senior Advocate-General, Court of Cassation (1993-2001)

Advocate-General, Paris Court of Appeal (1989‑1993)

Deputy Director of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1985-1990)

Deputy Director of Criminal Justice (1984-1985) and Chief, International Criminal Law Bureau, Ministry of Justice (1981‑1983)

Member, European Steering Committee on Criminal Problems (1985-1989)

Member, Board of Trustees, United Nations

Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute

(UNICRI) (1990-1994)

Judge, Ministry of Justice (1970-1983)

Educational background:

Law degree

Advanced studies diplomas in private law, criminal science and comparative law

Diploma, Political Science Institute (Toulouse)

National Judicial Training School (CNEJ) (finished top of class in December 1968)

Certificate of proficiency in Spanish, Toulouse Chamber of Commerce

Publications:*

"Droit pénal et droits de l'homme", Revue de science criminelle et de droit pénal comparé, January 2000

"Le rôle du Comité des Nations Unies pour l'élimination de la discrimination raciale", Revue trimestrielle des droits de l'homme, Bruylant, special issue on law and the rise of racism and xenophobia, March 2001

Contribution to the Miscellany for Edmond Pettiti:  "A propos du conflit entre le droit à la liberté d'expression et le droit à la protection contre le racisme", Bruylant, 1998

Contribution to the publication by the Mission for the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Documentation française, 1998

Records of the symposium of 6 and 7 July 2000 of the National Advisory Commission on Human Rights:  "Contre le racisme:  un combat quotidien"

Date and place of birth:

8 November 1932, Villach (Austria)

Working languages:

English, French, German

Current position/function:

Austrian Ambassador (retired)

Lecturer at the University of Salzburg (Law Faculty) and the Diplomatic Academy (Vienna)

Acting President of the Administrative Tribunal of the Council of Europe

Main professional activities:

After graduating from the Law Faculty (LL.D) of the University of Innsbruck in 1956, he was appointed Assistant Lecturer of International Law at that Faculty

Entered the Austrian Diplomatic Service in 1962, where he successively held the following functions:

• Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva
• Legal Adviser to the Foreign Office in Vienna (Head of the Legal Department)
• Deputy Head of the Political Department and Head of the International Organizations Division
• Ambassador to Canada

Was seconded to the United Nations Secretariat where he held successively the following functions:

• Director of the Security Council and Political Committees Division
• Director of the Executive Office of the Secretary‑General
• Assistant Secretary‑General for Human Rights

Educational background:

LL.D (University of Innsbruck)

1959/60:  specialized studies at the University of Paris

Participation in the regular courses of the Academy of International Law (The Hague) several times and at the Study and Research Centre of the same Academy (in 1960 and 1962) on topics dealing with international law

Other main activities in the field relevant to the mandate of the treaty body concerned:

1991-1994:  member of the Human Rights Committee

1995-1999:  member of the European Commission on Human Rights

As Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights, he was responsible, inter alia, for providing the appropriate secretariat services to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and is therefore familiar with the Committee's activities and working methods

List of most recent publications in the field:

Reflections on the Role, Functions and Procedures of the Security Council, Recueil des Cours, volume 206 (1987)

The "forgotten" competencies of the Security Council, Liber amicorum Rudolf Kirchläger, 1990

Zur Frage des rechtlichen Status der Entscheidungen eines Staatengemeinschaftsorgans : die "views" des Menschenrechtsausschusses, Liber amicorum Karl Zemanek, 1994

The Case Law of the European Commission of Human Rights as Regards the Right to Free Elections, Liber amicorum Carl Aage Norgaard, 1998

The Rights to Participate in Elections - A genuine Human Right?  Liber amicorum Konrad Ginther, 1999

Date and place of birth:

30 March 1957, Denmark

Working languages:

English, French, Danish

Current position/function:

Director-General of the Danish Centre for Human Rights since 1991; the Danish Centre for Human Rights has 80 professional staff members and is operating domestically as well as internationally

Main professional activities:

Morten Kjaerum is an expert within the field of international human rights law and refugee law and has published extensively on these issues in Danish, Nordic and international journals.  His first article on racism was published in 1982.  He has a global network due to his:

Educational background:

LLM from the University of Aarhus, Denmark, January 1984

Other main activities in the field relevant to the mandate of the treaty body concerned:

Head of the asylum department in the Danish Refugee Council from 1984-1991

Has worked on a practical level with issues related to racism, including legal advice and initiating new initiatives in Denmark since 1980

Deputy Chair of the Board for Ethnic Equality in Denmark since 1997

Member of the Society for International Development - Future of Asylum and Migration since 1999

Host of two international conferences in 2000 and 2001 in preparation for the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in Durban

Active participation in formulating the final statement for the conference of national human rights institutions and spoke on behalf of the European national human rights institutions at the conference

Good collaboration with Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

Coorganized several meetings on racism with the Council of Europe

List of most recent publications in the field:

"Human Rights Implications of the Development of the Concept of Temporary Asylum in the Nordic Countries", Nordic Journal of International Law, 64, 1995

"Human rights in the new Europe and a globalised world", Grundloven og menneskerettigheder I et dansk og europaeisk perspektiv, 1997 (in Danish)

"Racial discrimination and other forms of discrimination", Social kritik, nr. 55. København: Selskabet til fremme af social debat, 1998 (in Danish)

"Article 14" in:  Gudmundur Alfredsson and Asbjørn Eide (eds.), The Universal Declaration of Human Rights:  A Common Standard of Achievement, The Hague, Martinus Nijkoff Publishers, 1999

"Refugee law and human rights:  the non‑refoulement article in the Convention against Torture", in:  EU-ret & menneskeret, 6. årgang, nr. 2. København:  Jurist - og Økonomforbundets Forlag, 1999 (in Danish)

"Protection of refugees between national interests and human rights", in:  Juristen, September 2001.  København:  Danmarks Jurist - og Økonomforbund (in Danish but to be published shortly in Human Rights Quarterly)

Date and place of birth:

13 July 1953, Slovenia

Working languages:

English, French, Italian

Current position/function:

Associate professor at the Faculty of Social Sciences - University of Ljubljana

Senior researcher at the Institute for Ethnic Studies in Ljubljana

Main professional activities:

Associate professor, lecturing on the subject "Protection of ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities"

Various research projects on minority protection at national and international level

International Political Science Association - member of the "Ethnicity and Politics" Committee

Member of several governmental bodies dealing with minority protection in Slovenia

Contributor to various national and international political science and ethnic studies magazines

Educational background:

PhD Political Science (1990), University of Ljubljana

Other main activities in the field:

Co-author of the contemporary model of the protection of ethnic minorities in Slovenia

Actively participated in drafting Slovenian-Hungarian Agreement on Minority Protection

Co-author of several national reports on the implementation of international human rights instruments

Editor in chief/contributor to Treaties and documents (magazine on ethnic studies)

Current research topic - new minorities in Slovenia

List of most recent publications in the field:

Protection of Ethnic Minorities in Slovenia (Textbook), 1999

Protection of Minorities (Textbook), 2000

"Forming a new nation state and the repression or protection of ethnic minorities" (article), 2000

"The house on the historical fault" (article), 1999

Date and place of birth:

22 June 1946, Niterói, Brazil

Working languages:

English, French and Spanish

Current position/function:

A career diplomat, Mr. Lindgren Alves was promoted to the rank of Ambassador in June 2000. He has held the post of Consul General of Brazil in San Francisco, United States of America since July 1997

Main professional activities:

Having started his diplomatic career in 1970, Mr. Lindgren Alves was posted at several Brazilian Embassies (Vienna, Belgrade, Prague, Tunis, Maputo, Bridgetown, Caracas and Windhoek), and in the Brazilian Permanent Missions to the United Nations, both in New York (1985-88) and Geneva (1997)

In Brasilia, at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, after having worked in the Eastern Europe (1970‑73) and Africa (1979-85) desks, his latest positions were those of Head of the United Nations Division (1990-95) and first Director-General of the newly established Department of Human Rights and Social Issues (1995-96)

Educational background:

Graduate of the Law School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (1969)

Graduate of the Diplomatic Academy of the Brazilian Government (Instituto Rio-Branco, 1969)

PhD by the Higher Studies Course of the Brazilian Diplomatic Academy with a dissertation on "The United Nations and Human Rights" (1989)

Lecturer on human rights and international relations in many universities in Brazil and abroad (Berkeley, Stanford, University of San Francisco, Georgetown, Kaduna and Thessaloniki)

Other main activities in the field:

Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly (Third Committee) from 1985 to 1987 and from 1991 to 1995 (New York)

Delegate to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights from 1986 to 1988 and from 1991 to 1996 (Geneva)

Delegate to the World Conference on Human Rights (Vienna, 1993), the International Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), the World Summit for Social Development (Copenhagen, 1995), the Fourth World Conference on Women (Beijing, 1995), the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Istanbul, 1996) and the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance (Durban, 2001)

Member of the United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (1994-98)

In Brazil, he was a member of the National Council for the Defence of the Rights of the Human Person (1990-96) and of the Inter‑ministerial Working Group for the Advancement of the Black Population (1995-96)

List of most recent publications in the field:

Books:

Os direitos humanos como tema global (Human rights as a global issue), S. Paulo, 1994

A arquitetura internacional dos direitos humanos (The international architecture of human rights), S. Paulo, 1997

Relações internacionais e temas sociais:  a década das conferências (International relations and social issues:  the decade of conferences), Brasília, 2001

Essays:

"The U.N. Social Agenda Against 'Postmodern' Unreason", Thessaloniki, 1999

"The Declaration of Human Rights in Post‑modernity", Human Rights Quarterly, May 2000

Date and place of birth:

1941, United Kingdom

Working languages:

Hebrew, English, French (reading only)

Current position/function:

Visiting professor of international law at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Main professional activities:

Counsellor for Political Affairs, Israeli Embassy, Washington

Legal Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jerusalem

Ambassador of Israel to Canada

Foreign Ministry Coordinator for combating worldwide anti-Semitism

Deputy Director-General for Disarmament and Arms Control, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jerusalem

Educational background:

Carmel College, Wallingford, Berks., England

Hebrew Gymnasia, Jerusalem, Israel

LL.B, LL.M, PhD, Hebrew University, Jerusalem

UN Fellow, The Hague Academy of International Law

Senior Visiting Scholar, George Washington University

Visiting Professor, Bar Ilan University

Other main activities in the field:

Personal rank of Ambassador

Delegate for Israel at the Taba arbitration negotiations with Egypt

Legal Adviser, Israeli delegation to the United Nations General Assembly

Member of Israeli delegation for negotiations with the Palestinians in Washington

Member of Israeli delegation, humanitarian law conferences, international civil aviation conferences

Head of Israeli delegation, United States-Israel Status of Forces Agreement; United Nations Conference on the Use of International Watercourses

Representative of Israel to the Committee on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination and editor of a number of Israel's reports to CERD

Arbitrator on the Appeals Panel of the International Commission on Holocaust Era Insurance Claims (The "Eagleburger Commission")

List of most recent publications in the field:

The Political Offence in Extradition, World Peace Through Law Center, 1979

"Terrorism and the Law", International Society of Barristers Quarterly 274, 1982

"The Role of the Legal Advisor in Diplomacy", Diplomacy and Statecraft, vol. 8, No. 1, March 1997, pp. 1-9

Procedure in International Conferences, Cambridge University Press, 1997 (the book was awarded the Annual Award of the American Society of International Law)

The Enforcement in Israel of International Human Rights Norms, volume commemorating 50 years of the Israel Supreme Court (to be published by the Law Faculty of the Hebrew University)

Current position/function:

President of the Islamabad Council of World Affairs (an NGO) and member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination since 1978

Main professional activities:

1944-51:  After being selected on the basis of the all‑India competitive examination to the Indian Civil Service, served in the provincial government of Sind

1951:  Appointed to the Foreign Service of Pakistan

1951-54:  Director, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1955-58:  Minister in the Embassy of Pakistan, Washington, D.C.

1958-61:  Deputy Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of Pakistan to the United Nations

1961:  Promoted to the rank of Ambassador

1961-64:  Director-General, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1964-67:  Additional Foreign Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1967-72:  Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of Pakistan to the United Nations

1968-69:  Representative of Pakistan at the United Nations Security Council

1972-73:  Ambassador of Pakistan to the People's Republic of China

1973-77:  Foreign Secretary, Government of Pakistan

1977-82:  Foreign Minister

1993:  Head of the Pakistani delegation to the World Conference on Human Rights held in Vienna

1988:  President, Islamabad Council of World Affairs

2000:  Chairman, Institute of Strategic Studies, Islamabad

Other main activities in the field:

He was a member of Pakistani delegations to many sessions of the United Nations General Assembly and to international conferences - the Bandung Conference (1955), the Non-Nuclear-Weapons States Conference (1968), the Islamic Summit Conference (1974), the Havana Non-Aligned Summit (1979)

He was also the Head of the Pakistani delegation to the United Nations General Assembly (1977‑1981), Chairman of the United Nations Secretary-General's Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters (1979-1982), Chairman of the Board of Trustees, United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) (1982), United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR)

He was the Chairman of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in 1991 for a two-year term.  He has also served in various capacities on a number of United Nations bodies

He is active in public affairs and has participated in many international seminars since 1982

As President of the Islamabad Council of World Affairs, he has organized seminars with the participation of foreign scholars on contemporary international matters

List of most recent publications in the field:

His publications include Pakistan's Security and Foreign Policy (1988) and articles on security, disarmament and non-proliferation, and human rights issues

Languages:

He speaks Greek, Italian, English and French

Current position/function:

He is currently the Chairman of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD).  He also served twice as Vice-Chairman.  He is actively involved in the work of the Committee and he has repeatedly chaired a number of its working groups.

Main professional activities:

In June 2001 he was elected Chairman of the meeting of persons chairing the United Nations treaty bodies meeting in Geneva.

Educational background:

He has university degrees in Law, as well as in Political and Economic Sciences.

Other main activities in the field:

Date and place of birth:

9 May 1960, Athens (Greece)

Working languages:

English, French, Greek - working knowledge of German and Italian

Current position/function:

Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Athens;

Vice-President, First Section, Greek National Commission on Human Rights;

Vice-President, International Institute on Human Rights (Strasbourg);

Vice-President, Committee of Experts of the Council of Europe for the improvement of procedures for the protection of human rights;

Member of the Athens Bar.

Main professional activities:

Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Athens:  international protection of human rights; public international law; international organizations;

Guest professor at the following institutions:  International Institute on Human Rights (Strasbourg, 1994, 2001); The Hague Academy of International Law (1996, 2000); Graduate Institute of International Studies (Geneva, 1997);

Faculty of Law, University Robert Schuman (Strasbourg, 1998); Faculty of Law, University Panthéon-Assas (Paris II, 1999); Faculty of Law, University Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris I, 1999);

International human rights expert frequently invited by the Council of Europe, UNESCO and other bodies:  missions to Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Côte d'Ivoire, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Morocco, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine;

Member of the Greek delegation at the fifty-first- fifty‑fifth sessions of the United Nations General Assembly (New York, 1996-2000);

Practising lawyer with the Greek Supreme Civil and Criminal Court and the Supreme Administrative Court, the European Court of Human Rights (Strasbourg) and the European Court of Justice (Luxembourg).

Educational background:

Diploma in Law, University of Athens (1983, with honours);

Masters degree (DEA) in International Law, University Robert Schuman, Strasbourg (France) (1984, with honours);

Doctor iuris, University Robert Schuman, Strasbourg (1990, laureatus of the Faculty, international Paul Guggenheim prize, 1991);

Habilitation (authorization) to direct scientific research, University Robert Schuman, Strasbourg (1990).

Other main activities in the field:

General co-rapporteur at the Conference of the Council of Europe and the French National Consultative Commission on Human Rights on the subject "The combat against racism and xenophobia:  priorities and means for a European harmonization" (Strasbourg, November 1994);

Organizer of an international expert seminar in collaboration with UNESCO on New Forms of Discrimination (Olympia, Greece, May 1994), proceedings published by Pedone (Paris) with a foreword by Federico Mayor; Greek delegate at the international Seminar on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, organized by the United Nations Centre for Human Rights in the framework of the Third Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (United Nations Office at Geneva, 1996), member of the Drafting Committee of the document adopted;

Organizer of an international conference in collaboration with the Human Rights Directorate of the Council of Europe on The Protection of Minorities in Europe (Athens, May 1996), proceedings published with a foreword by D. Tarschys, then Secretary-General of the Council of Europe;

Rapporteur of the Greek National Commission on Human Rights on the issue of religious communities in Greece (2000-2001);

Course in the post-graduate programme of international law at the University of Athens on The Prohibition of Discrimination:  the International Protection of Vulnerable Groups (1999-2001).

List of most recent publications in the field:

New Forms of Discrimination/Nouvelles formes de discrimination (editor), foreword by Federico Mayor, Director-General of UNESCO, Paris, Pedone, 1995;

General conclusions of the international conference on "The combat against racism and xenophobia:  priorities and means for a European harmonization", in collaboration with Professor E. Decaux, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, in Ce racisme qui menace l'Europe, Paris, La documentation française, 1996,

pp. 233-255;

The protection of minorities in Europe:  the Framework Convention of the Council of Europe for the Protection of National Minorities

(co-editor), foreword by Daniel Tarschys, Secretary-General of the Council of Europe, Athens, A.N. Sakkoulas, 1997;

L'ONU et la démocratisation de l'Etat:  systèmes régionaux et ordre juridique universel, (The UN and the democratization of States:  regional systems and universal legal order), Paris,

Pedone, 2000, 321 pp., foreword by

Boutros Boutros-Ghali; The Prevention of

Human Rights Violations (editor), foreword by Mary Robinson, Athens/The Hague,

A.N. Sakkoulas/Martinus Nijhoff, 2001.

Date and place of birth:

12 December 1944

Foreign languages:

Italian, French and Spanish

Current position/function:

2001 - Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD)

Elected by members of the Committee in March 2001.  At the forthcoming August session, Professor Thornberry will act as country rapporteur for Croatia and Cyprus.

1999 - Chairman of the Minority Rights Group (MRG).  This involves presiding over biannual MRG Council meetings; acting as trustee for the organization; general policy advice and guidance to the organization in relation to publications, programmes and other aspects of MRG's work; involvement in training in human rights for activists from various countries, and the launching of new MRG reports.

1995 - Professor of International Law, Keele University.  Subjects taught:  international law, international human rights, and the philosophy of law

1995 - Faculty member, The George Washington University Joint Programme in International Human Rights Law, New College, University of Oxford

Main professional activities:

1993-present - Consultant to the Council of Europe

1998 - Member of mission of experts to Riga on the draft Law on the State Language

1997 - Rapporteur of mission to Croatia on the draft Law on Education in the Languages of Minorities

1993 - Member of mission of experts to Riga to scrutinize legislation on the rights of non-nationals.  Involved in written advice on the Estonian Law on Cultural Autonomy and the Estonian Language Law.

Member of many other expert commissions for the Council of Europe, including currently a study of the relationship between territorial autonomy and minority rights, and a legal assessment of State responsibilities under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.

1997-present - Member of the Advisory Council of the European Centre for Minority Issues

1996-present - Chairman of the Programmes and Publications Committee of MRG

1994-present - Member of the International Council of MRG

1994-1996 - Member of a team of experts to Hungary and Slovakia on behalf of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) High Commissioner on National Minorities

1994 - Appointed by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to the list of six United Kingdom experts for the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) Human Dimension Mechanism

1994 - Observer of the Hungarian local self‑government elections, at the invitation of the Government (December 1994)

1993-1995 - Visiting professor at the Academy of European Law, European University Institute, Florence (lectured on the protection of minorities in international and European law)

1990-1995 - Senior lecturer in Law, Keele University

1973-present - Barrister of Lincoln's Inn

Educational background:

London University:  LLB (1968); Keele University:  LLM (1976);

Keele University:  PhD (1986):  Thesis title:  Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities in Contemporary International Law

Publications:

Books and monographs:

Books in press:

Articles:*

Over 40 articles and essays including the following for 1998‑2000 only: